Reporting Standards

All δ ¹⁸O (except carbonates) and δ D values are reported relative to Vienna SMOW (Standard Mean Ocean Water). δ ¹⁸O of carbonates are reported relative to PDB (Cretaceous belemnite from the PeeDee formation).

The conversion of PDB δ ¹⁸O to SMOW δ ¹⁸O is:

δ ¹⁸O SMOW = 1.03086* δ ¹⁸O PDB + 30.86

δ ¹⁸C

All δ ¹³ C values are reported relative to PDB (Cretaceous belemnite from the PeeDee formation).

δ ¹⁵N:

δ ¹⁵N: values are reported relative to atmospheric nitrogen.

δ ³⁴S:

δ ³⁴S: values are reported relative to troilite of the Canyon Diablo iron meteorite.

δ ³⁷Cl:

δ ³⁷Cl ± 0.5‰ are reported relative to Standard Mean Ocean Chloride (SMOC).